428 CHAPTER 29 (Zeus web server) INSTALLING SOFTWARE Note You
428 CHAPTER 29 INSTALLING SOFTWARE Note You can specify two or more programs to be installed and/or removed at the same time. Just separate the package names with a space: apt-get install package1 package2 package3, and so on. It s a similar situation when it comes to uninstalling software. For example, suppose you tried to remove the Firefox web browser, like so: sudo apt-get remove firefox apt-get would also mark for removal gnome-app-install and yelp, two packages that depend on the browser. But before doing anything, it will tell you what it is about to do and ask you to confirm it. Similarly, if you tried to install the AbiWord word processor, like so: sudo apt-get install abiword-gnome You would be informed that two additional packages need to be installed: abiword-common and libenchantlc2. They would be automatically added to the list of packages that were to be installed. As with the Synaptic Package Manager, apt-get will also list suggested and recommended packages that will complement the software you wish to install but aren t vital. However, if you wish to install those packages, you ll need to do that later in a separate apt-get command. Tip An alternative to the command-line APT tools is aptitude. This can be used like APT tools such as apt-get, but can also take into account suggested and recommended packages. For more information, see its man page. Updating the System apt-get can also perform various types of system updates. To update all the packages on your system to the latest versions contained within the repositories, type the following: sudo apt-get upgrade This is the command-line equivalent of using the Software Updates function of the Ubuntu desktop. To upgrade the system to the latest version of Ubuntu, if there is one, type this: sudo apt-get dist-upgrade Perhaps it goes without saying that updating your system can take a long time, depending on the number and size of files to be downloaded. In addition, each package will need to configure itself during installation, and this can also take a long time.